Case Presentation
An 83-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department by emergency medical technicians after a fall, presenting with a blunt injury to the face with multiple visible injuries to the nose and lip and severe active bleeding from her mouth. Her cervical spine was immobilized by a cervical collar. Upon arrival, her Glasgow Coma Scale score was 6; blood pressure, 160/99 mm Hg; heart rate, 120 beats per minute; and