San Francisco—In patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty who are already receiving multimodal analgesia, there may be added benefit to incorporating intrathecal morphine. According to a recent retrospective study, the addition of intrathecal morphine to a multimodal analgesic regimen improved analgesia after surgery and reduced postoperative opioid consumption and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
“These data suggest that patients who receive intrathecal